Geography
Geography is the study of the locational and spatial variation in both physical and human phenomena on Earth. The word derives from the Greek words gê ("the Earth") and graphein ("to write", as in "to describe").
Geography is also the title of various historical books on this subject, notably the Geographia by Klaudios Ptolemaios (2nd century).
Geography is much more than cartography, the study of maps. It not only investigates what is where on the Earth, but also why it's there and not somewhere else, sometimes referred to as "location in space." It studies this whether the cause is natural or human. It also studies the consequences of those differences.